THE T-368 PROJECT

The T-368/URR is a major part of the AN/GRC-26D
Radio Communications System.
 

Some Manuals for the AN/GRC-26D

The AN/GRC-26D operators Manual
The AN/GRC-26D Organizational Maintenance Manual
The AN/GRC-26D Depot Maintenance Manual

and
The T-368 Operators Manual
The T-368 Organizational Maintenance Manual
The T-368 Depot Maintenance Manual

The T-368 project has been waiting for some time to be completed (about 10 years), I've always had
all the ancilliary components to make a complete AN/GRC-26D rig, except for the T-368 itself, although
I had all the individual components that go into one. For those not familiar with the AN/GRC-26D it consists
of the following:

1) - CV-116/URR Frequency Shift converter. 455 KC IF input.
2) - R-390A/URR Radio Receivers 0 - 32 Mhz.
1) - LS-206 Dual Speaker Assembly
1) - C-1123 Control Box and interconnect, this is the line drawing of the unit.
1) - TT-98 Teletype-Writer (Page-Printer)
1) - TT-76 Teletype Reperforator and TD unit
1) - T-368/URT 400 Watt Output  Transmitter AM/CW/RTTY
1) - ME-165 SWR/Power Meter and 600 Watt Dummy Load
1) - MD-239/GR FSK Exciter and frequency controller, this is the line drawing of the unit.
1) - TN-339 Antenna Tuner/Coupler
1) - TA-312 or TA-43 Field Telephone for "Land-Line interconnects Via Switch-Board"

All of these units go into making up the AN/GRC-26D Communications System. If you have never seen the
inside of the real thing here is a view looking from the entrance towards the front, and one looking from the
receiver rack towards the rear door. If you are curious as to the specifications for this system they are as follows.



THE PICKUP

The T-368 pick-up was arranged with the former owner, and I immediately contacted U-Haul to rent a vehicle
to transport this beast to my house. After making a reservation for a low-rider truck with ramp, I headed
to the vendor (U-Haul) only to find they didn"t have the truck I reserved available. Humm set-back number
one. The counter person called another store and arranged for me to pickup the truck there, so I drove about
8 miles to the other side of town to get the vehicle. Upon arrival, "You Guessed it", no truck available after I
was assured that this store had one and would hold it for me, "If I provided a credit card" which I had. Well
in desperation I asked for a smaller vehicle, OK can do, can I have your credit card and drivers license, sure
produce credit card, open wallet for drivers license, Hummm, no license. I had it when I got the money to pay
for the T-368 from the bank, must have left it in the folder with the money. Well sir you can't rent a vehicle if
you have no license, "I Knew That". OK I'll find it and come back tomorrow. No we are closed tomorrow!
Ok thanks, on to plan two.

Plan two consisted of calling my "Brother" Ron WB2JKL Mister CW Extraordinaire. Present the problem
and arrive at a solution. Which was (1) take the T-368 apart, three decks one cabinet no problem. (2) divide
the load between our two vehicles, a ford station wagon (his) and a nissan stanza (mine). we put the cabinet
empty into his wagon first, up on end towards the front, then loaded the power supply deck in the rear. Talk
about a "LOW-RIDER"! Then the modulator deck went into the nissan trunk, and the RF deck went in the back
seat a real tight fit. Thus giving us two "LOW-RIDER" vehicles filled to the brim with The T-368.

We made the trip home without incident, communicating between vehicles on 440 Mhz. FM simplex, and
laughing over the fact that we were looking real strange! Carried the cabinet into the house first, then the
Modulator deck, went in and was placed in the cabinet, middle deck. then the RF deck was carried in and
put in its top slot. Lastly we got the hand-truck on the Power Supply deck and carried it into the house, where
we sat it in the middle of the "Living Room" floor. Tabatha was a "Trooper" when she suggested leave it there
because "you gotta have space to work".
THE SURVEY


I conducted an initial "Survey of the transmitter in the middle of the living room floor the next day. No rectifier
tubes on the Power Supply deck, Humm, ok I have 3B28s no problem. I flipped the deck up on the H.V.
transformer end and checked the bottom wiring, lots or splices and inter-lock bypasses. I brought up a 20 amp
120 volt variac for the HV transformer primary, and a 10 amp 120volt variac for the 3B28 filament transformer.
made a few jumpers to get around the interconnect requirements, and plugged in a pair of 3B28s and turned them
on. After a few minutes I applied ac to the HV transformer primary and got 300 VDC out of the power supply
components. I set my HV Digital VOM up and turned the ac on the HV transformer, and without any load
on it the power supply got up to 3000 VDC as measured on the Fluke VOM with HV probe. OK so far the
thing isn't totally "DEAD". Now if you try this at home, "a note of caution", First make sure you put an
insulator in the HV shorting switch at the rear of the chassis, I used a piece of Teflon rod 3/16 inch diameter.

Second, make sure that the two variacs are set to 0 that is zero volts output on the dial. The relays on the
chassis do not matter at this time. Step one apply AC volts to the 3B28 tubes, count to ten, then slowly
bring up the AC volts to the HV transformer. I attached the test leads before applying any power, so as to
leave both hands free for controlling the Variacs, one for each hand.

  The next test was of the Speech Amplifier on the Modulator deck. I removed it from the "MOD" deck and
took it to my work bench. Setup my low-voltage power supply to run it and provided a load for the driver
transformer hooked up the 'O'-scope across the load and pumped in audio from a HP-200CDR. There was
a 5814 tube missing which was replaced with a "NEW" 5814. I swept the audio range from about 200 Hz to
about 3500 Hz. All looked good on the 'scope so I let that go for the time being. The specified range is 300
to 3300 Hz so I felt the speech amp was working well enough for now.
 
Next came the Modulator deck itself. The main portion of the modulator deck had NO, (nada, none) tubes
on it. Hum, well I have enough parts to build one of these things, lets check the manual and see what we need.
The list consisted of (3) 5R4GY, (4) 0A2, and (2) 4-125A. Which turned out to be RCA, GE, and Eimac tubes
from the TUBE STASH. Drag up the shops' high voltage supply, a couple of variacs for 120 VAC and a load for
the modulation transformer output. Put it all together, fire it up and see if anything smokes. No smoke, dump audio
drive to the input of the deck and look at the load for signal output, viola, this is working also.
  One interesting
aside about the speech amp and its mounting. When I connected it to the modulator deck it was laying on the
work bench at the far end of the bench, the modulator deck itself, was holding down the right side of the test
bench. I connected the metal of the speech amp chassis to the metal of the Mod deck and all went well for the
test. However when I mounted the speech amp in its correct place on the mod deck, it seemed intermittent. A
check of the harness to the speech amp showed the ground was broken off inside the connector housing, repair
however did not cure the problem. when I was remounting the speech amp is when I noticed the reddish color
in the mounting holesm using a .22 cal. cleaning brush cleared the holes, and scotch-brite for the screws and the
intermittent went away.
















THE ARTISTRY


I finally wanted to put out real power, using the transmitter, check the frequency stability, modulation etc;
So I zipped off to Home Depot, bought yet another dual 30 ampere 220 V.A.C. circuit breaker, a 50 foot
roll of number 10-3 interior cable. Brought it back and made up a portable 30 amp. outlet to plug the
T-368 into.

 I set up the ME-165 SWR/Wattmeter/Dummy load so I could monitor power output. Ran the portable
30 amp outlet to the KITCHEN. Pushed the T-368 into the kitchen and turned it on. I had a 20 amp Variac,
which I used to limit the high voltage out of the power supply transformer to 1000 vdc. Please note the proper
connector for the rear of the T-368 is a Hubbell Type 7565. Make sure that the end on the case of the T-368
is NOT the grounding type or you will have the A.C. to the high voltage transformer shorted out (BIG TIME).

Next I turned the thing on, set the bandswitch to 40 meters, dialed up 7290 and ran down-stairs and turned up the
audio on the Drake R4C monitor receiver. Keyed the exciter, no current reading. Checked the oscillator, one
6BA6 not lit, changed it and tried again, happy happy, there is a signal on the right frequency and I can hear it
when I swish the selector knob back and forth. OK now the exciter current is showing on the meter, lets turn
on the high voltage. BLAMM, there go all the front panel circuit breakers. Humm, seemed like a solid short on
the A.C. line, buzz it out (Simpson VOM) find the interlock in the middle chassis area for the rear cover is very
corroded inside the (wire-nut) Arrgh, clean the wire , add a new wire nut check again all ok. Buzz out further and
find the Auxiliary connector for the transformer control is shorting type which grounds the terminal to the chassis.
A ground at this point puts a short on the circuit side of "BOTH" circuit breakers. Lift the lead and try again.
Joyous singing, birds chirping that clears the problem.

There was not an output tube on the RF deck when I got it, so for testing I inserted a 4-250A Eimac in the
final socket so I could save my good 4-400A tubes for when I get the T-368 fully operational. The 4-250A
runs very well in the unit, and the grid current is about where it should be (15 Milliamps). Check for power
output in cw mode says 125 watts with approximately 100 milliamps of plate current.
This story continues......


I have some argument with folks that say the T-368 "Needs all these here mods done, to really MAKE it play".
Having had "Some" first hand experience with the T-368 transmitters, and also the R-390(*) receivers (A later
Gripe), I think I should make a few statements about them "as I see it".

First let me say I'm getting older, I have acquired my "Apprentice Curmudgeon Certificate", and I am aspiring to
acquire "Curmudgeon First Class" so these are my own peeves and have no reflection on anyones' abilities other
than mine!

I routinely listen to my receivers, whenever I am working on my test bench at home. I hear comments about
Broadcast Quality Audio, and modifications to "Improve" equipments that in most cases are older than the
people suggesting the modifications. I feel they are in fact making a comment on the capabilities of the designers
of the equipments and the components used in those designs, when they in some cases were not even born then,
didn't come along until a significantly later time, and practice the "Holier than Thou" form of engineering. Having said
that little piece, on to the T-368 transmitter.

First and foremost, this is a military transmitter, designed for military use by personnel who in some cases had no
experience before joining the military in the field of radio communications (and all that that entails). This transmitter
was used to provide division level control of troops. most of the times that I saw one it was located in an isolated
area, with the ABSOLUTE minimum of personnel to operate the radio system this transmitter was a part of.
The designers taking this into consideration, made the transmitter efficient, easy to operate, and keep running.
Transmitters were designed with the safety of the personnel operating them in mind also. So when I hear things like
what a stupid thing to do putting all those "interlocks" in there to just have them fail. I think to myself "What a
stupid statement to make to God and the world". I wonder how a person making this statement, would feel having
to experience the fact that his Grandfather or Father, was killed in the military because the high voltage power supply
in his transmitter didn't have these safety features. Another is the weird statment of "Hot Switching" decks in this
transmitter. First the statement encourages the unwary to "foolhardyness" and gets them to thinking this can actually
be done. IT CAN NOT BE DONE, if you consider the size of the decks, the fact that, in most cases it takes two
people to slide the decks out (Modulator, Power Supply) and three hands, why would you have to, and more
importantly why would you want to. To remove the RF deck you have to break the high voltage path to the PA
result no signal. Also the control line for the ac to the other decks goes thru the connector of the rf deck, result
the other decks turn off. So next we remove the modulator deck, OK two guys needed there for sure. and a third
to unplug the (2) two connectors on the deck. When the modulator deck is removed, again the high voltage path
is broken, result no signal output from the transmitter. Assume the high voltage is "Jumpered" as soon as you
remove the connectors, again the A.C. lines to the RF deck are opened shutting down the RF deck, what is the
point. Lastly, the power supply deck, Ah guys, the A.C. mains comes in through this deck, various relays and
interconnects. Pulling this deck out results in a shorting bar to be placed across the HV output from the filter
circuit. Removing the connectors results in no A.C. to ANY other decks, result no signal out of the transmitter.
My question is "what's the point", if the statement is made to impress others, it is wrong, knowledgeable people
will say "Get a Clue"!

That's my story, and I'm sticking to it!

For more good info on the T-368 go here!

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